2 KingsChapter 6
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Commentary on the chapter (in Russian)
1The sons of the prophets said to Elisha, "See now, the place where we dwell before you is too small for us.
2Please let us go to the Jordan, and every man take a beam from there, and let us make us a place there, where we may dwell." He answered, "Go!"
3One said, "Please be pleased to go with your servants." He answered, "I will go."
4So he went with them. When they came to the Jordan, they cut down wood.
5But as one was felling a beam, the axe head fell into the water. Then he cried, and said, "Alas, my master! For it was borrowed."
6The man of God asked, "Where did it fall?" He showed him the place. He cut down a stick, threw it in there, and made the iron float.
7He said, "Take it." So he put out his hand and took it.
Commentary, vv. 1–7 (in Russian)
. Связь начала гл. VI с концом предыдущей блаж. Феодорит устанавливает так: "Гиезий, сей любитель стяжаний, сделался прокаженным, а сонм пророков возлюбил крайнюю нищету. Они не имели даже дома, жили же в шалашах. Почему и просили великого пророка идти с ними нарубить дерев для построения оных. И такова была их нищета, что не на что было приобрести собственный топор" (вопр. 19). По обстановке и содержанию данный раздел (ст. 1-7) прямо примыкает к рассказу IV:38-44.
Чудо всплытия топора, по блаж. Феодориту, "прообразовало домостроительство нашего Спасителя. Ибо как легкое древо потонуло, а тяжелое железо всплыло, так нисхождением Божия естества совершено восхождение человеческого естества".
8Now the king of Syria was warring against Israel; and he took counsel with his servants, saying, "My camp will be in such and such a place."
9The man of God sent to the king of Israel, saying, "Beware that you not pass such a place; for the Syrians are coming down there."
10The king of Israel sent to the place which the man of God told him and warned him of; and he saved himself there, not once nor twice.
11The heart of the king of Syria was very troubled about this. He called his servants, and said to them, "Won't you show me which of us is for the king of Israel?"
12One of his servants said, "No, my lord, O king; but Elisha, the prophet who is in Israel, tells the king of Israel the words that you speak in your bedroom."
13He said, "Go and see where he is, that I may send and get him." It was told him, saying, "Behold, he is in Dothan."
14Therefore he sent horses, chariots, and a great army there. They came by night, and surrounded the city.
15When the servant of the man of God had risen early, and gone out, behold, an army with horses and chariots was around the city. His servant said to him, "Alas, my master! What shall we do?"
16He answered, "Do not be afraid; for those who are with us are more than those who are with them."
17Elisha prayed, and said, "Lord, please open his eyes, that he may see." The Lord opened the eyes of the young man; and he saw: and behold, the mountain was full of horses and chariots of fire around Elisha.
18When they came down to him, Elisha prayed to the Lord, and said, "Please strike this people with blindness." He struck them with blindness according to the word of Elisha.
19Elisha said to them, "This is not the way, neither is this the city. Follow me, and I will bring you to the man whom you seek." He led them to Samaria.
20It happened, when they had come into Samaria, that Elisha said, "Lord, open the eyes of these men, that they may see." The Lord opened their eyes, and they saw; and behold, they were in the midst of Samaria.
21The king of Israel said to Elisha, when he saw them, "My father, shall I strike them? Shall I strike them?"
22He answered, "You shall not strike them. Would you strike those whom you have taken captive with your sword and with your bow? Set bread and water before them, that they may eat and drink, and go to their master."
23He prepared great feast for them. When they had eaten and drunk, he sent them away, and they went to their master. The bands of Syria stopped raiding the land of Israel.
Commentary, vv. 8–23 (in Russian)
. Xронологическая дата описанных здесь вооруженных нападений сирийцев на царство Израильское с точностью не может быть определена: объединяющей идеей является здесь не временная последовательность, а чудотворение пророка Елисея. По-видимому, данные набеги предшествовали рассказу о Неемане, где есть упоминание об этих набегах (V:2); вероятно, события эти имели место при Иораме "сыне убийцы", ст. 32, могло быть приложено только к нему, а не к последующим царям. Пророк Елисей, обладая вышечеловеческим ведением, пользуется им для открытия коварных планов сирийцев и этим возбуждает со стороны последних преследование (9-12), направленное в местопребывание пророка - Дофаим, евр. Дотан (ст. 13) - город на торговой дороге из Галаада в Египет, здесь некогда был продан Иосиф (Быт XXXVII:17, 25), к северу от Самарии (ср. Иудифь III:6 и д. ); теперь телл-Дотан к северу от Набулуса (Onomast. 396. Ср. Толков. Библия, т. I, с. 101). Благодатная охрана небесная над Израилем в виде огненных коней и колесниц, подобно небесному ополчению, некогда ободрявшему Иакова (Быт XXXII:1-2), была, по молитве пророка, открыта и одному из служителей его (15-17). Елисей совершает чудесное ослепление сирийского отряда, затем опять исцеляет его, приводит его в Самарию к царю израильскому, но отклоняет последнего от намерения его совершить над сирийцами опасный в древности херем (19-23; ср. 1 Цар XXVII:11), повелевая отпустить сирийских воинов, как попавших в плен без боя: а если они будут убиты, то не познано будет чудо; а если возвратят здравыми к пославшему, то и он познает силу Бога нашего (блаж. Феодорит, вопр. 20). Временный мир был достигнут.
24It happened after this, that Benhadad king of Syria gathered all his army, and went up and besieged Samaria.
25There was a great famine in Samaria. Behold, they besieged it, until a donkey's head was sold for eighty pieces of silver, and the fourth part of a kab of dove's dung for five pieces of silver.
26As the king of Israel was passing by on the wall, a woman cried to him, saying, "Help, my lord, O king!"
27He said, "If the Lord doesn't help you, from where could I help you? From of the threshing floor, or from the winepress?"
28The king said to her, "What ails you?" She answered, "This woman said to me, 'Give your son, that we may eat him today, and we will eat my son tomorrow.'
29So we boiled my son, and ate him: and I said to her on the next day, 'Give your son, that we may eat him;' and she has hidden her son."
30It happened, when the king heard the words of the woman, that he tore his clothes (now he was passing by on the wall); and the people looked, and behold, he had sackcloth underneath on his flesh.
31Then he said, "God do so to me, and more also, if the head of Elisha the son of Shaphat shall stay on him this day."
32But Elisha was sitting in his house, and the elders were sitting with him. Then the king sent a man from before him; but before the messenger came to him, he said to the elders, "Do you see how this son of a murderer has sent to take away my head? Behold, when the messenger comes, shut the door, and hold the door shut against him. Isn't the sound of his master's feet behind him?"
33While he was still talking with them, behold, the messenger came down to him. Then he said, "Behold, this disaster is from the Lord. Why should I wait for the Lord any longer?"
Commentary, vv. 24–33 (in Russian)
. Теперь начинается уже открытая война сирийского царя против Израильского царства. О Венададе см. прим. к 3 Цар XV:18 и XX:1. При осаде Самарии произошел большой голод [Тяжкий голод, имевший место при осаде Самарии и сопровождавшийся ужасным явлением: убийством матерью ребенка в пищу, о чем предсказывал еще Моисей, Втор XXVIII:53, был лишь предвестием тех непомерных ужасов голода и смерти, какими сопровождались после разрушения Иерусалима Навуходоносором и, наконец, Титом. О последнем говорит И. Флавий, Иуд. Война V, 13, 7 и др. ], заставивший жителей есть и непозволенные законом роды пищи, даже голубиный помет (употреблявшийся осаженными вместо соли, блаж. Феодорит) и покупать их по высокой цене (ст. 25) Каб - 1/16 ефы (ст. 25). Ужасный случай (ст. 26-30), узнанный царем, хотя и поверг его в великую печаль (30), но затем это чувство сменилось безотчетной злобой царя к пророку Елисею (ст. 31), и только чудесная сила его предвидения спасла пророка (ст. 31-33; сн. блаж. Феодорит, вопр. 21-22). Окружающим пророка он советует задержать посланца царского, очевидно, в той мысли, что необдуманное царское повеление должно скоро быть отменено, что действительно и случилось.
Text: New Heart English Bible. Commentary: The Explanatory Bible, ed. A. P. Lopukhin (in Russian). The numbering of the commentary in this book is still being checked: some comments may sit next to a neighbouring verse.
1-33. Новые чудеса пророка Елисея: всплытие топора, открытие пророком сирийских военных планов, явление пророку небесного воинства, поражение сирийцев слепотой, предвидение опасности со стороны Иорама.