JeremiahChapter 52
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Commentary on the chapter (in Russian)
1Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem: and his mother's name was Hamutal the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah.
Commentary, v. 1 (in Russian)
Эта глава, образующая прибавление к книге Иеремии, не стоит в прямой связи с предшествующими главами книги. Она, по содержанию, представляется почти тождественною с последним отделом 4-й книги Царств (XXIV:18–XXV:30). Только вместо того, что находится в 22–26 ст. XXV-й главы 4-й кн. Царств, у Иеремии вставлено, неизвестно откуда взятое, перечисление уведенных Навуходоносором иудеев (ст. II:8–30).
2He did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord, according to all that Jehoiakim had done.
3For through the anger of the Lord it happened in Jerusalem and Judah, until he had cast them out from his presence. Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon.
Commentary, vv. 2–3 (in Russian)
Этих стихов нет в перев. LXX. Объяснение см. 4 Цар XXIV:18–20.
4It happened in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it round about.
5So the city was besieged to the eleventh year of king Zedekiah.
6In the fourth month, in the ninth day of the month, the famine was severe in the city, so that there was no bread for the people of the land.
Commentary, v. 6 (in Russian)
Указания на 4-й месяц нет ни в кн. Царств, ни у LХХ, хотя было необходимо сказать о девятом дне какого месяца там идет речь.
7Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war fled, and went forth out of the city by night by the way of the gate between the two walls, which was by the king's garden; (now the Chaldeans were against the city all around;) and they went toward the Arabah.
Commentary, v. 7 (in Russian)
У Иеремии сказано обстоятельнее, что в бегстве с Седекией участвовал и весь гарнизон Иерусалима (ср. 4 Цар XXV:4).
8But the army of the Chaldeans pursued after the king, and overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho; and all his army was scattered from him.
9Then they took the king, and carried him up to the king of Babylon to Riblah in the land of Hamath; and he gave judgment on him.
10The king of Babylon killed the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes: he killed also all the princes of Judah in Riblah.
11He put out the eyes of Zedekiah; and the king of Babylon bound him in fetters, and carried him to Babylon, and put him in prison until the day of his death.
Commentary, vv. 4–11 (in Russian)
представляют почти повторение 4 Цар XXV:1–8. Объяснение см. там.
Commentary, vv. 10–11 (in Russian)
У Иеремии излагают дело полнее, чем 4 Цар XXV:7. — Дом стражи — точнее с евр.: «исправительный дом», где, вероятно, Седекия с другими пленниками должен был молоть муку, как некогда Самсон (Суд XVI:21). На это указывает перевод LXX: дом жерновный.
12Now in the fifth month, in the tenth day of the month, which was the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, came Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard, who stood before the king of Babylon, into Jerusalem:
13and he burned the house of the Lord, and the king's house; and all the houses of Jerusalem, even every great house, burned he with fire.
14All the army of the Chaldeans, who were with the captain of the guard, broke down all the walls of Jerusalem all around.
15Then Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carried away captive of the poorest of the people, and the residue of the people who were left in the city, and those who fell away, who fell to the king of Babylon, and the residue of the multitude.
16But Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard left of the poorest of the land to be vineyard keepers and farmers.
Commentary, vv. 12–16 (in Russian)
представляют собою повторение 4 Цар XXV:8–12; 4 Цар XXV:8 указывает, что прибытие Навузардана и сожжение храма имело место в седьмой день 5-го месяца, а Иеремия относит то и другое к десятому дню. Какая дата правильнее — решить едва ли возможно.
17The Chaldeans broke the pillars of brass that were in the house of the Lord, and the bases and the bronze sea that were in the house of the Lord in pieces, and carried all their bronze to Babylon.
Commentary, v. 17 (in Russian)
и сл. до 23 — ср. 4 Цар XXV:13 и сл. У Иеремии здесь все изложено полнее, чем в 4 Цар.
18They also took away the pots, the shovels, the snuffers, the basins, the spoons, and all the vessels of brass with which they ministered.
19The captain of the guard took away the cups, the fire pans, the basins, the pots, the lampstands, the spoons, and the bowls; that which was of gold, in gold, and that which was of silver, in silver.
Commentary, vv. 18–19 (in Russian)
И в том, и в другом стихе говорится о чашах, но это не повторение: в одном случае, чаши разумеются медные, в другом — золотые и серебряные. Можно полагать, что после того как Навуходоносор взял храмовые сосуды в 597 г. при отведении в плен Иехонии (4 Цар XXIV:13), таковые сосуды были сделаны, в короткое время, вновь.
20They took the two pillars, the one sea, and the twelve bronze bulls that were under the bases, which king Solomon had made for the house of the Lord. The brass of all these vessels was without weight.
Commentary, v. 20 (in Russian)
Двенадцать медных волов. Этого выражения нет в 4 Цар XXV:16. Оно взято кем-то из 3 Цар VII:23–26 и, притом, неудачно, так как волы эти еще при Ахазе были отданы в дань Ассирийскому царю Феглафелассару (4 Цар XVI:17). Нужно читать: «море и (десять) подстав…»
21As for the pillars, the height of the one pillar was eighteen cubits; and a line of twelve cubits encircled it; and its thickness was four fingers. It was hollow.
22A capital of brass was on it; and the height of the one capital was five cubits, with network and pomegranates on the capital all around, all of brass: and the second pillar also had like these, and pomegranates.
23There were ninety-six pomegranates on the sides; all the pomegranates were one hundred on the network all around.
Commentary, v. 23 (in Russian)
Этого указания нет в 4 Цар.
24The captain of the guard took Seraiah the chief priest, and Zephaniah the second priest, and the three keepers of the threshold:
25and out of the city he took an officer who was set over the men of war; and seven men of those who saw the king's face, who were found in the city; and the scribe of the captain of the army, who mustered the people of the land; and sixty men of the people of the land, who were found in the midst of the city.
26Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard took them, and brought them to the king of Babylon to Riblah.
27The king of Babylon struck them, and put them to death at Riblah in the land of Hamath. So Judah was carried away captive out of his land.
Commentary, vv. 24–27 (in Russian)
стихи сходны с 4 Цар XXV:18 и сл.
28This is the people whom Nebuchadnezzar carried away captive: in the seventh year three thousand twenty-three Jews;
29in the eighteenth year of Nebuchadnezzar he carried away captive from Jerusalem eight hundred thirty-two persons;
30in the three and twentieth year of Nebuchadnezzar Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carried away captive of the Jews seven hundred forty-five persons: all the persons were four thousand and six hundred.
Commentary, vv. 28–30 (in Russian)
Это стихи, не имеющиеся в 4 Цар и даже у LXX, устанавливают, что иудеев уведено в плен Навуходоносором 4600 душ. Здесь заметны некоторые хронологические неточности. Именно первое переселение (при Иехонии) иудеев отнесено к 7-му году царствования Навуходоносора, следовательно, к 597-му г. до Р. X., а в 4 Цар — к 8-му г. Какое показание вернее — сказать трудно. Новейшие толкователи не считают даже возможным видеть у Иеремии указание на пленение Иехонии и читают вместо седьмой год — семнадцатый год, следовательно, имеют в виду пленение иудеев из Седекии, в 10-й год его царствования… Затем, в 30-й ст. указывается на какое-то переселение иудеев, в числе 745-ти душ, которое имело место в пятом году по разрушении Иерусалима. Ни о каком подобном случае из других источников не известно, да и странным представляется переселение иудеев из разрушенного уже Иерусалима. Можно допустить только, что здесь ведется какой-то особый счет годам царствования Навуходоносора…
31It happened in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, in the five and twentieth day of the month, that Evilmerodach king of Babylon, in the first year of his reign, lifted up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah, and brought him forth out of prison;
32and he spoke kindly to him, and set his throne above the throne of the kings who were with him in Babylon,
33and changed his prison garments. Jehoiachin ate bread before him continually all the days of his life:
34and for his allowance, there was a continual allowance given him by the king of Babylon, every day a portion until the day of his death, all the days of his life.
Commentary, vv. 1–34 (in Russian)
Во исполнение пророчеств Иеремии, Иерусалим был взят халдеями и разрушен, жители его — частью выселены, частью умерщвлены, храм — сожжен, а все вещи из него, частью в изломанном виде, были унесены в Вавилон. В конце главы говорится о благоприятной перемене в положении пленного царя иудейского Иехонии.
Commentary, vv. 31–34 (in Russian)
Объяснения см. в 4 Цар XXV:27–30.
Text: New Heart English Bible. Commentary: The Explanatory Bible, ed. A. P. Lopukhin (in Russian).
1–34. Разрушение Иерусалима и перемена в положении плененного царя Иехонии.