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NehemiahChapter 7

Commentary on the chapter (in Russian)

1-3. Меры, принятые Неемией для охранения безопасности в городе. 4-5. Перепись населения. 6-66. Списки яиц, возвратившихся из плена. 67-69. Опись имущества возвратившихся. 70-73. Пожертвования.

1Now it happened, when the wall was built, and I had set up the doors, and the porters and the singers and the Levites were appointed,

Commentary, v. 1 (in Russian)

. Ввиду эамыслов врагов Неемия принял строгие меры к охране города и храма. И поставлены были на свое служение привратники и певцы и левиты. По древнему установлению привратники должны были охранять храм и следить за открытием и закрытием ворот, через которые был вход на храмовую площадь (1 Пар IX, 17-27; XXVI, 12-19). Исчисление пунктов, занятых привратниками в послепленное время, дается в трактате Мишны Middot I, 1. Как видно, по случаю тревожного времени, Неемия привлек к охране храма, кроме привратников, также певцов и прочих левитов, хотя охрана храма не входила в их обязанности, определенные законом. Вероятно, труда были разделены так, что привратникам поручена была охрана храмовых ворот, а певцы и другие левиты вместе с жителями Иерусалима наблюдали за безопасностью в городе.

2that I put my brother Hanani, and Hananiah the governor of the castle, in charge of Jerusalem; for he was a faithful man, and feared God above many.

Commentary, v. 2 (in Russian)

. Как можно заключать из ст. 2, брат Неемии Ханани и начальник Иерусалимской крепости Ханания были поставлены во главе охраны. Ханания заведывал укреплением (birah), находившимся к северу от храма, и состоял, вероятно, на персидской службе, начальствуя над иерусалимским гарнизоном.

3I said to them, "Do not let the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun is hot; and while they stand guard, let them shut the doors, and you bar them: and appoint watches of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, everyone in his watch, with everyone near his house."

Commentary, v. 3 (in Russian)

. В то время как привратники, певцы и левиты охраняли город днем, ночью выставлялась стража из самих жителей. Замечание ст. 3 "доколе они стоят" (vead hem omdim) непонятно по своей цели, и потому некоторые экзегеты подозревают в нем порчу текста. Бертолет его читает: vead hachom omed, "и пока еще жар стоит' (до захода солнца), что будет хорошим дополнением к последующему - "пусть замыкают и запирают двери".

4Now the city was wide and large; but the people were few therein, and the houses were not built.

5My God put into my heart to gather together the nobles, and the rulers, and the people, that they might be reckoned by genealogy. I found the book of the genealogy of those who came up at the first, and I found written therein:

Commentary, vv. 4–5 (in Russian)

. Малочисленность населения Иерусалима побудила Неемию созвать собрание, чтобы выяснить дело и принять меры к заселению города. Хотя с Зоровавелем возвратилось (по 1 Езд II, 64; Неем VII, 66) 42 360 человек (не считая женщин и детей), а с Ездрой (по 1 Езд VIII, 1-20) еще 1 500, но они расселились по всей стране, а в самом Иерусалиме остались немногие. Замечание ст. 4 о Иерусалиме идоиы не были построены, по-видимому, имеет тот смысл, что город внутри не был еще достаточно застроен, и в нем оставалось много порожних мест.

6These are the children of the province, who went up out of the captivity of those who had been carried away, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away, and who returned to Jerusalem and to Judah, everyone to his city;

7who came with Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Nehemiah, Azariah, Raamiah, Nahamani, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispereth, Bigvai, Nehum, Baanah. The number of the men of the people of Israel:

Commentary, v. 7 (in Russian)

. В1 Езд Л, 2 вместо названных в ст. 7 Азарии называется Сараия, вместо Раамии Ревелай, вместо Мисферефа Мисфар, вмесго Нехума Рехум.

8The children of Parosh, two thousand one hundred seventy-two.

9The children of Shephatiah, three hundred seventy-two.

10The children of Arah, six hundred fifty-two.

Commentary, v. 10 (in Russian)

. По 1 Езд II, 5 сыновей Араха было 775.

11The children of Pahathmoab, of the children of Jeshua and Joab, two thousand eight hundred eighteen.

Commentary, v. 11 (in Russian)

.Вместо числа 2818 в I ЕздII,6 читается 2812.

12The children of Elam, one thousand two hundred fifty-four.

13The children of Zattu, eight hundred forty-five.

Commentary, v. 13 (in Russian)

. Сыновей Заффу по 1 Езд II, 8, в было 945.

14The children of Zaccai, seven hundred sixty.

15The children of Binnui, six hundred forty-eight.

Commentary, v. 15 (in Russian)

. Вместо Биннуя в 1 Езд II, 10 называется Вания и число определяется цифрой 642 (вместо 648 ст. 15-го).

16The children of Bebai, six hundred twenty-eight.

Commentary, v. 16 (in Russian)

.B 1 Еэд II, 11 указана цифра 623 (вместо 628).

17The children of Azgad, two thousand three hundred twenty-two.

Commentary, v. 17 (in Russian)

. По 1 Езд II, 12 - 1 222.

18The children of Adonikam, six hundred sixty-seven.

Commentary, v. 18 (in Russian)

. По 1 Езд II, 13 - 666 (вместо 667).

19The children of Bigvai, two thousand sixty-seven.

Commentary, v. 19 (in Russian)

. По 1 Езд II, 14 - 2 056 (вместо 2 607).

20The children of Adin, six hundred fifty-five.

Commentary, v. 20 (in Russian)

.По 1 Езд II, 15 - 454 (вместо 655).

21The children of Ater, of Hezekiah, ninety-eight.

22The children of Hashum, three hundred Twenty-eight.

Commentary, v. 22 (in Russian)

.По 1 Езд II, 19 -2 23 (вместо 328).

23The children of Bezai, three hundred twenty-four.

24The children of Hariph, one hundred twelve.

Commentary, v. 24 (in Russian)

.Вместо Харифа в 1 Езд II, 18 назван Иора.

25The children of Gibeon, ninety-five.

Commentary, v. 25 (in Russian)

. Уроженцев Гаваона. В 1 Езд II, 18: сыновей Гиббара.

26The men of Bethlehem and Netophah, one hundred eighty-eight.

Commentary, v. 26 (in Russian)

.По 1 Езд II, 21-22 жителей Вифлеема и Нетофы быпо 179 (вместо188).

27The men of Anathoth, one hundred twenty-eight.

28The men of Beth Azmaveth, forty-two.

Commentary, v. 28 (in Russian)

. Жителей Беф-Азмавефа. По 1 Езд II, 24 Азмавефа.

29The men of Kiriath Jearim, Chephirah, and Beeroth, seven hundred forty-three.

30The men of Ramah and Geba, six hundred twenty-one.

31The men of Michmas, one hundred and twenty-two.

32The men of Bethel and Ai, a hundred twenty-three.

Commentary, v. 32 (in Russian)

. По 1 Езд II, 28 жителей Вефиля и Гая было 223 (вместо 123).

33The men of the other Nebo, fifty-two.

34The children of the other Elam, one thousand two hundred fifty-four.

35The children of Harim, three hundred twenty.

36The children of Jericho, three hundred forty-five.

Commentary, v. 36 (in Russian)

. Ст. 36 и 37 в 1 Езд II следуют в обратном порядке.

37The children of Lod, Hadid, and Ono, seven hundred twenty-one.

Commentary, v. 37 (in Russian)

. Вместо Лода в 1 Езд II, 33 читается Лидда и общее число жителей трех мест указывается 725 (вместо 721).

38The children of Senaah, three thousand nine hundred thirty.

Commentary, v. 38 (in Russian)

.По 1 Езд 3630(вместо3930).

39The priests: The children of Jedaiah, of the house of Jeshua, nine hundred seventy-three.

40The children of Immer, one thousand fifty-two.

41The children of Pashhur, one thousand two hundred forty-seven.

42The children of Harim, one thousand seventeen.

43The Levites: the children of Jeshua, of Kadmiel, of the children of Hodevah, seventy-four.

44The singers: the children of Asaph, one hundred forty-eight.

Commentary, v. 44 (in Russian)

. По 1 Езд II, 41-128 (вместо 148).

45The porters: the children of Shallum, the children of Ater, the children of Talmon, the children of Akkub, the children of Hatita, the children of Shobai, one hundred thirty-eight.

Commentary, v. 45 (in Russian)

. По 1 Езд II, 42 привратников было 139 (вместо138).

46The Nethinim: the children of Ziha, the children of Hasupha, the children of Tabbaoth,

47the children of Keros, the children of Sia, the children of Padon,

Commentary, v. 47 (in Russian)

. Сыновья Сии. По 1 Езд II, 44 - сыновья Сиаги.

48the children of Lebana, the children of Hagaba, the children of Salmai,

Commentary, v. 48 (in Russian)

. Вместо Салмая в 1 Езд11,45 назван Аккув.

49the children of Hanan, the children of Giddel, the children of Gahar,

50the children of Reaiah, the children of Rezin, the children of Nekoda,

51the children of Gazzam, the children of Uzza, the children of Paseah.

52The children of Besai, the children of Meunim, the children of Nephushesim,

53the children of Bakbuk, the children of Hakupha, the children of Harhur,

54the children of Bazlith, the children of Mehida, the children of Harsha,

55the children of Barkos, the children of Sisera, the children of Temah,

56the children of Neziah, the children of Hatipha.

57The children of Solomon's servants: the children of Sotai, the children of Sophereth, the children of Perida,

Commentary, v. 57 (in Russian)

. Вместо Фериды в 1 Езд II, 55 читается Феруды.

58the children of Jaala, the children of Darkon, the children of Giddel,

59the children of Shephatiah, the children of Hattil, the children of Pochereth Hazzebaim, the children of Amon.

Commentary, v. 59 (in Russian)

. Сыновья Аммона. В 1 Езд II, 57 сыновья Амия.

60All the Nethinim, and the children of Solomon's servants, were three hundred ninety-two.

61These were those who went up from Tel Melah, Tel Harsha, Cherub, Addon, and Immer; but they could not show their fathers' houses, nor their seed, whether they were of Israel:

62The children of Delaiah, the children of Tobiah, the children of Nekoda, six hundred forty-two.

Commentary, v. 62 (in Russian)

. По 1 Езд II, 60-652 (вместо 642).

63Of the priests: the children of Hobaiah, the children of Hakkoz, the children of Barzillai, who took a wife of the daughters of Barzillai the Gileadite, and was called after their name.

64These searched for their genealogical records, but couldn't find them. Therefore were they deemed polluted and put from the priesthood.

65The governor said to them, that they should not eat of the most holy things, until there stood up a priest with Urim and Thummim.

66The whole assembly together was forty-two thousand three hundred sixty,

67besides their male servants and their female servants, of whom there were seven thousand three hundred thirty-seven: and they had two hundred forty-five singing men and singing women.

68Their horses were seven hundred thirty-six; their mules, two hundred forty-five;

69their camels, four hundred thirty-five; their donkeys, six thousand seven hundred twenty.

70Some from among the heads of fathers' households gave to the work. The governor gave to the treasury one thousand darics of gold, fifty basins, and five hundred thirty priests' garments.

71Some of the heads of fathers' households gave into the treasury of the work twenty thousand darics of gold, and two thousand two hundred minas of silver.

72That which the rest of the people gave was twenty thousand darics of gold, and two thousand minas of silver, and sixty-seven priests' garments.

Commentary, vv. 5–72 (in Russian)

. Начинающийся со ст. 6-го список возвратившихся из плена и пожертвований нахрам по существу тождествен со списком 1 Езд II. Различие двух списков заключается в некоторых именах и в цифровых данных.

Commentary, vv. 70–72 (in Russian)

. См. прим. к 1 Еэд II, 69. Текст Неем VII, 70-72 полнее, чем в параллельном месте 1 Езд II, 69. Сумма пожертвований золотом в кн. Неемии определяется в 41 тыс. (1+20+20} драхм, тогда как в 1 Езд II, 69 - в 61 т.

Пятьсот тридцать священнических одежд Текст евр. дает основание предполагать, что священн. одежд было только 30, а цифра 500 указывает на нечто другое, по-видимому, опущенное по ошибке переписчиков, - может быть, на мины серебра.

73So the priests, and the Levites, and the porters, and the singers, and some of the people, and the Nethinim, and all Israel, lived in their cities. When the seventh month had come, the children of Israel were in their cities.

Text: New Heart English Bible. Commentary: The Explanatory Bible, ed. A. P. Lopukhin (in Russian). The numbering of the commentary in this book is still being checked: some comments may sit next to a neighbouring verse.